What is biogas made of?

Biogas is an environmentally friendly energy source produced by the anaerobic fermentation of biomass. But what exactly is biogas made of? In this article, we look at the main components of biogas and their importance.

1 Methane (CH4): The main component of biogas is methane, which is produced during the anaerobic fermentation of biomass. Methane accounts for the largest part of the energy content of biogas and is present in the biogas in a proportion of about 50-75%. This gas is an environmentally friendly energy source because, like natural gas, it emits little carbon dioxide and other pollutants during combustion.

2. Carbon dioxide (CO2): Another important component of biogas is carbon dioxide, which is produced during the decomposition of biomass. Carbon dioxide is one of the main components of biogas. Although the emission of carbon dioxide is not environmentally desirable, the carbon dioxide produced during the production of biogas is often recycled, for example for crop production or to reduce greenhouse gases.

Sulphur compounds: Biogas can contain small amounts of sulphur compounds, which can vary depending on the processes/">composition of the biomass. These compounds usually cause an unpleasant odour in the biogas and are removed during gas cleaning. Minimising the emission of sulphur compounds is important to improve the quality of the biogas.

4. Other gases: Other gases such as nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2) and water vapour (H2O) may be present in the biogas. These gases are usually present in small quantities and do not represent a significant part of the biogas composition.

It is important to note that the composition of biogas can vary depending on the type of biomass, fermentation processes and production conditions. Therefore, checking and purifying the quality of the biogas is an important step before use.

Overall, the main components of biogas are methane, carbon dioxide and sulphur compounds. These components provide an efficient and environmentally friendly source of energy, the use of which can contribute to sustainable energy production and reduce pollution.

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